Đồng hồ vạn năng để bàn Keithley 2182A Digital Nanovoltmeter

Tổng quan thiết bị:

- Make low noise measurements at high speeds, typically just 15nV p-p noise at 1s response time, 40 -50nV p-p noise at 60ms

- Delta mode coordinates measurements with a reversing current source at up to 24Hz with 30nV p-p noise (typical) for one reading. Averages multiple readings for greater noise reduction

- Synchronization to line provides 110dB NMRR and minimizes the effect of AC common-mode currents

- Dual channels support measuring voltage, temperature, or the ratio of an unknown resistance to a reference resistor

- Built-in thermocouple linearization and cold junction compensation

Thông số kỹ thuật:

GENERAL Specification
POWER SUPPLY	00V/120V/220V/240V
LINE FREQUENCY	50Hz, 60Hz, and 400Hz, automatically sensed at power-up
POWER CONSUMPTION	22VA
MAGNETIC FIELD DENSITY	10mV range 4.0s response noise tested to 500 gauss
OPERATING ENVIRONMENT	Specified for 0° to 50°C. Specified to 80% RH at 35°C
STORAGE ENVIRONMENT	–40° to 70°C
EMC	Complies with European Union Directive 89/336/EEC (CE marking requirement), FCC part 15 class B, CISPR 11, IEC 801-2, IEC-801-3, IEC 801-4.
SAFETY	Complies with European Union Directive 73/23/EEC (low voltage directive); meets EN61010-1 safety standard. Installation category I
VIBRATION	MIL-T-28800E Type III, Class 5
WARM-UP	2.5 hours to rated accuracy
DIMENSIONS	Rack Mounting	89mm high × 213mm wide × 370mm deep (3.5 in × 8.375 in × 14.563 in).
	Bench Configuration (with handles and feet)	104mm high × 238mm wide × 370mm deep (4.125 in × 9.375 in ×14.563 in)
SHIPPING WEIGHT	5kg (11 lbs)
Measurement Characteristics
A/D LINEARITY	±(0.8ppm of reading + 0.5ppm of range)
FRONT AUTOZERO OFF ERROR	10mV–10V	Add ±(8ppm of range + 500µV) for <10 minutes and ±1°C
	NOTE	Offset voltage error does not apply for Delta Mode
AUTOZERO OFF ERROR	10mV	Add ±(8ppm of range + 100nV) for <10 minutes and ±1°C
	100mV–100V	Add ±(8ppm of range + 10µV) for <10 minutes and ±1°C
	NOTE	Offset voltage error does not apply for Delta Mode
INPUT IMPEDANCE	10mV–10V	>10GΩ, in parallel with <1.5nF (Front Filter ON)
	10mV–10V	>10GΩ, in parallel with <0.5nF (Front Filter OFF)
	100V	10MΩ ±1%
DC INPUT BIAS CURRENT	<60pA DC at 23°C, –10V to 5V. <120pA @ 23°C, 5V to 10V
COMMON MODE CURRENT	<50nA p-p at 50Hz or 60Hz
INPUT PROTECTION	150V peak to any terminal. 70V peak Channel 1 LO to Channel 2 LO
CHANNEL ISOLATION	>10GΩ
EARTH ISOLATION	>350V peak, >10GΩ and <150pF any terminal to earth. Add 35pF/ft with Model 2107 Low Thermal Input Cable
Analog Output
MAXIMUM OUTPUT	±1.2V
ACCURACY	±(0.1% of output + 1mV)
OUTPUT RESISTANCE	1kO ±5%
GAIN	Adjustable from 10 –9 to 10 6 . With gain set to 1, a full range input will produce a 1V output
OUTPUT REL	Selects the value of input that represents 0V at output. The reference value can be either programmed value or the value of the previous input
Triggering and Memory
WINDOW FILTER SENSITIVITY	0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, 10%, or full scale of range (none)
READING HOLD SENSITIVITY	0.01%, 0.1%, 1%, or 10% of reading
TRIGGER DELAY	0 to 99 hours (1ms step size)
EXTERNAL TRIGGER DELAY	2ms + <1ms jitter with auto zero off, trigger delay = 0
MEMORY SIZE	1024 readings
Math Functions
Rel, Min/Max/Average/Std Dev/Peak-to-Peak (of stored reading), Limit Test, %, and mX+b with user-defined units displayed.
Remote Interface
Keithley 182 emulation. GPIB (IEEE-488.2) and RS-232C. SCPI (Standard Commands for Programmable Instruments).

Volts Specifications (20% over range)
CONDITIONS: 1PLC with 10 reading digital filter or 5PLC with 2 reading digital filter.
Channel 1
Range	Resolution	Input Resistance	Accuracy: ±(ppm of reading + ppm of range) (ppm = parts per million) (e.g., 10ppm = 0.001%)				Temperature Coefficient 0°–18°C & 28°–50°C
			24 Hour TCAL ±1°C	90 Day T CAL ±5°C	1 Year T CAL ±5°C	2 Year T CAL ±5°C
10.000000mV	1nV	>10GΩ	20+4	40+4	50+4	60+4	(1 + 0.5) /°C
100.00000mV	10nV	>10GΩ	10+3	25+3	30+4	40+5	(1 + 0.2) /°C
1.0000000V	100nV	>10GΩ	7+2	18+2	25+2	32+3	(1 + 0.1) /°C
10.000000V	1µV	>10GΩ	2+1	18+2	25+2	32+3	(1 + 0.1) /°C
100.00000V	10µV	10MΩ±1%	10+3	25+3	35+4	52+5	(1 + 0.5) /°C
Channel 2
100.00000mV	10nV	>10 GΩ	10+6	25+6	30+7	40+7	(1 + 1) /°C
1.0000000V	100nV	>10 GΩ	7+2	18+2	25+2	32+3	(1 + 0.5) /°C
10.000000V	1µV	>10 GΩ	2+1	18+2	25+2	32+3	(1 + 0.5) /°C
CHANNEL 1/CHANNEL 2 RATIO				For input signals =1% of the range, Ratio Accuracy = ±{[Channel 1 ppm of Reading + Channel 1 ppm of Range * (Channel 1 Range/Channel 1 Input)] + [Channel 2 ppm of Reading + Channel 2 ppm of Range * (Channel 2 Range/Channel 2 Input)]}.
DELTA (hardware-triggered coordination with Series 24XX, Series 26XXA, or Series 622X current sources for low noise R measurement)				Accuracy = accuracy of selected Channel 1 range plus accuracy of I source range.
DELTA MEASUREMENT NOISE WITH 6220 or 6221				Typical 3nVrms / Hz (10mV range) 21 . 1Hz achieved with 1PLC, delay = 1ms, RPT filter = 23 (20 if 50Hz)
PULSE-MODE (WITH 6221)				Line synchronized voltage measurements within current pulses from 50µs to 12ms, pulse repetition rate up to 12Hz.
PULSE MEASUREMENT NOISE (typical rms noise, R DUT <10Ω)				±(0.009ppm of range*) / meas_time / pulse_avg_count + 3nV** / (2 · meas_time · pulse_avg_count) for 10mV range.
* 0.0028ppm for the 100mV range, 0.0016ppm for ranges 1V and above. ** 8nV/ Hz for ranges above 10mV . meas_time (seconds) = pulsewidth – pulse_meas_delay in 33µs incr.

DC Noise Performance (DC noise expressed in volts peak-to-peak)
Response time = time required for reading to be settled within noise levels from a stepped input, 60Hz operation.
Channel 1
Response Time	NPLC, Filter	10 mV	100 mV	Range 1 V	10 V	100 V	NMRR	CMRR
25.0 s	5, 75	6 nV	20 nV	75 nV	750 nV	75 µV	110 dB	140 dB
4.0 s	5, 10	15 nV	50 nV	150 nV	1.5 µV	75 µV	100 dB	140 dB
1.0 s	1, 18	25 nV	175 nV	600 nV	2.5 µV	100 µV	95 dB	140 dB
667 ms	1, 10 or 5, 2	35 nV	250 nV	650 nV	3.3 µV	150 µV	90 dB	140 dB
60 ms	1, Off	70 nV	300 nV	700 nV	6.6 µV	300 µV	60 dB	140 dB
Channel 2
25.0 s	5, 75		150 nV	200 nV	750 nV		110 dB	140 dB
4.0 s	5, 10		150 nV	200 nV	1.5 µV		100 dB	140 dB
1.0 s	1, 10 or 5, 2		175 nV	400 nV	2.5 µV		90 dB	140 dB
85 ms	1, Off		425 nV	1 µV	9.5 µV		60 dB	140 dB

VOLTAGE NOISE VS. SOURCE RESISTANCE (DC noise expressed in volts peak-to-peak)
Source Resistance	Noise	Analog Filter	Digital Filter
0 Ω	6 nV	Off	100
100 Ω	8 nV	Off	100
1 kΩ	15 nV	Off	100
10 kΩ	35 nV	Off	100
100 kΩ	100 nV	On	100
1 MΩ	350 nV	On	100

TEMPERATURE (Thermocouples) (Displayed in °C, °F, or K. Accuracy based on ITS-90, exclusive of thermocouple errors.)
TYPE	RANGE	RESOLUTION	ACCURACY 90 Day/1 Year 23° ±5°C Relative to Simulated Reference Junction
J	–200 to + 760°C	0.001 °C	±0.2 °C
K	–200 to + 1372 °C	0.001 °C	±0.2 °C
N	–200 to + 1300 °C	0.001 °C	±0.2 °C
T	–200 to + 400 °C	0.001 °C	±0.2 °C
E	–200 to + 1000 °C	0.001 °C	±0.2 °C
R	0 to + 1768 °C	0.1 °C	±0.2 °C
S	0 to + 1768 °C	0.1 °C	±0.2 °C
B	+350 to + 1820 °C	0.1 °C	±0.2 °C

Operating Characteristics 60Hz (50Hz) Operation
Function	Digits	Readings/s	PLCs
DCV Channel 1, Channel 2, Thermocouple	7.5	3 (2)	5
	7.5	6 (4)	5
	6.5	18 (15)	1
	6.5	45 (36)	1
	5.5	80 (72)	0.1
	4.5	115 (105)	0.01
Channel 1/Channel 2 (Ratio), Delta with 24XX, Scan	7.5	1.5 (1.3)	5
	7.5	2.3 (2.1)	5
	6.5	8.5 (7.5)	1
	6.5	20 (16)	1
	5.5	30 (29)	0.1
	4.5	41 (40)	0.01
Delta with 622X	6.5	47 (40.0)	1

System Speeds
RANGE CHANGE TIME	<40 ms (<50 ms)
FUNCTION CHANGE TIME	<45 ms (<55 ms)
AUTORANGE TIME	<60 ms (<70 ms)
ASCII READING TO RS-232 (19.2K Baud)	40/s (40/s)
MAX. INTERNAL TRIGGER RATE	120/s (120/s)
MAX. EXTERNAL TRIGGER RATE	120/s (120/s)